Contribution of Schools to Child Health and Wellbeing

Contribution of Schools to Child Health and Well existenceCritic all toldy discuss the role that grooms set up make to squirtrens health and benefit.As a society we want the topper(p) for our children to enable them to grow and develop into hefty human beings. Looking at their wellbeing gives an overview of the someone as a whole and their individualism in society, and how we quite a little ensure that they ar given the outgo start in life and assist to tap each childs potential.This position is can up by the United Nation Convention on the skillfuls of the childs (1989) citied in Collins Foley 2008. This assembly in many articles focus on the child ensuring that they bring forth a say in their health and wellbeing giving them the best start to life. Kamerman and Kahn (2003) postgraduatelights the wideness of child welfare and talks about human capital. As educators we affirm a large role in providing for all children giving them the best opportunities in life .There are many factors that can influence the health and wellbeing of children. Research has shown that early childhood experience has a significant repair on childhood development and how they continue into adulthood. As Vygotsky (1978) identified, children from a very young age can learn and develop new capacities through the collaboration and interaction with adults. (Citied in connecting with children developing achievementing relationships). Learning Guide 5 Activity 5.2 and watching the DVD on childrens calveicipation brings to light how we as adults should listen more to children and permit children to devote more of a say. On the video it identifies when children are given the opportunity to participate, it enhances their confidence and self-esteem to be part of society.When looking at childrens health and wellbeing it is important to look at how they identify themselves. As Cooley (1902) studies show how children develop and how they participated in society depends on what they feel about themselves and how others perceive and act towards them. As a foster carer for children with special needs I can relate similarly this as people can look at their disablement instead of the person they are. Like Louis (foley 2008) the first identity is the disability. This identity can have an bushel on health and well-being. In my role as foster career I found that the child I had on a long limit basis was considered as having serve needs and labelled as difficult. In contrast when given the opportunity and not looking at her disability she was quite an able. As adults we can influence the childs identify and relate to this disability rather than the whole person. If we looked at wellbeing and health and not the disability would this change his outlook on life? Bennett and Sani 2004 p.g13 studies embody this aspect as they talk about how changes can change our identity and how we are looked upon. As adults we can become engaged in the disability and unkno wn to ourselves we may label this child as disabled and think we know what is best. It can be criticised that the labelling or identifying a childs disability can be positive in not only the home but in school as they are able to avail of better service e.g. the school get funding of a one to one assistant attending, having outside agencies like quarrel theorist etc.. In my own setting it is benefited when having a childs special needs recognised as it relieves some of the pressures having an duplicate member and extra pledge when requiredThe identity of a child can steer us as practitioners to how we contribute to the childs health and wellbeing. In the school setting we have to be open minded and considerate of the home environment, the childsculture, relationships and family life. These factors all coincide to contribute to the health and well-being of the child. The child identity can change depending on the situation and the environment. Childrens voices can change depending on the opportunities they are given and how we as a society recognise the child. This is abeted by Bennett and Sani 2004 studies and shows it takes sequence to get familiar with a person.Childrens social backgrounds can have a large influence on their health and wellbeing. exiguity unfortunately has a negative effect on childrens health and wellbeing. When looking at the Millennium Cohort (Dex and Joshi) study in the UK it came to myattention thatis a high percentage of our children are in poor health and wellbeing. The institute of Education (2007) studies showed how childrens cognitive development assessments showed higher scores from families of stable employment. Poverty in the home has an ongoing effect on the childs health and wellbeing. Children can be labelled as being poor carrying with them throughout school. ridgelines study (2006) shows how childrens self-confidence and feeling of belonging within their social network can be affected. Children can feel left nates whe n parents cant afford the latest trend be it clothes or latest technology. Childrens social wellbeing is affected when they are unavailing to attend social outings with their peers andthis may cause a child to become withdrawn from the group of friends and experience a feeing of isolated.Schools provide a large contribution to childrens health and wellbeing through support in all areas. Children can feel valued by the interaction of praise and achievement, having the opportunity of healthy snacks, warmth and intellectual stimulation. In my own setting we can see the contribution to a child health by providing that simple healthy snack. This is dependable for some children, not necessarily from an unprivileged back ground, but simple not having the time to ensuring that their child has eaten breakfast or lunch before arriving at nursery.Moss (2006) believes earshot to children as part of ethical practices is extremely important and it is a racy part to the wellbeing of children. I f children are not given the opportunity to speak and be listened to they cant be expected to fit into society. Practitioners have an important role in promoting and develop childrens emotional wellbeing. Billington and Pomerantz 2004 talked about the importance of circle time and how this leads to the building of confidence with children. Circle time allows children to feel included as part of a group and helps to build self-confidence and belief in their ideas. universe critical of this it can also devalue children as they may feel under treat and find circle time intrusive. As practitioners we have to adjudicate the situation and look at what suit the individual child.As an early years practitioner I feel it is equally important for children to have unaffixed play where they can form own relationships without the influences of staff allowing children time to explore their own emotional. We have a critical role in ensuring that all children are listened to and voices not been s ilent. Childrens first-hand experience can change their perspective and it only takes that one individual to provide a positive artiest for change in a childs well-being and health. Schools provide the opportunity for children to interact with a broadend section of society and benefits childrens opinion on society. One teacher may have a significant effect on a childs well-being inclusive of all the other factors preventive to the childs life. For illustration the famous story of Helen Killer (1968) whos life was wasting away until she meet Anne. Anne changed her life by believing in her and through her inspiring work developed her health and wellbeing and her life as a whole. Today Helen is well known for her work and the dedicated work she did helping others.It can be clearly seen how changes in society changes our views and opinions on how to give children the best health and wellbeing. This can be demonstrated in modern society with more services readily available and running( a) in partnership with agencies to support childrens needs. Childrens first experiences are seen as criticalto later development.While schools provide the best health and wellbeing for children, the dilemma many teachers face is not being able to reach out to all children due to lack of parental support and consent alongside time factors and funding. Learning guide 11.6 looks at how agencies work together and try to give each other as much support as possible Lynne talks about her role as a health visitor and how this contributes to childrens health and wellbeing, while her role is as vital as practitioners in a school setting our hands can be tied and barriers in our way not allowing us to avail of these services. In my role as a pre-school leader the partnership is important between schools and health visitors, however without parental consent we cannot work with outside agencies provided to others..While it is seen from the presidential term that the childs health and wellbeing are top antecedence and as a society we draw up policies to ensure legislation meets their needs. It is seen how Tony Blair and Gordon Brown have looked at family lives and helping with back to work systems which will benefit childrens health and confidence along with their general wellbeing. The new government has looked at the roots of the problems and putt services into place to reshaping services.The sure start architectural plan has increased the help for families from deprived areas, provided well needed services for sample parenting class, 2 year grizzly programmes etc While this has been a positive input it can be critically argued that it not necessary always being for families from deprived areas needing help but working families too can need as much attention. In my own setting it can be seen that undecomposed time working parents need as much help at times with parenting skills as other less well off families. Their careers can leave pressures on families and just having extra support can help their anxiety and any worries they may face as their children develop.While the United Nation Convention on the rights of the childs (1989) citied in Collins Foley 2008 report focuses on six key areas material, wellbeing, health and safety, educational wellbeing, family and peer relationship it can be critically said that this is not always possible and feasible for those who require it. Looking at education sector the number of children with special needs has risen and funding has had a cut back therefore all needs are not met as they should be. In my own setting due to funding and the demand on other agencies it is not always possible to get a child with special needs an assessment before school age. While these childrens needs are not being met not only is their pressure on the workplace but the childs health and well-being is being deprived. Children who havent got incline as a first language suffer due to the lack of resources available in societ y for them. As educators we work on the legal documents and in writing state what is needed for our children however in reality this depends on funding and government support. When looking at a childs health and well-being they interweve with one an another so when a school struggles to gett help with a childs physical needs their emotional health can is also effected in many instances.Giddens (1998) looked at the needs of our children and how investment is put into all areas of the childrens health and wellbeing looking at the full picture. This has shown improvement with the rest 10-Year Strategy (2009). Children are given and entitled to free pre-school education which has been a positive step in the health and wellbeing of all children.In my own setting we have a role as practitioners to ensure we promote diversity and inclusion. This comes from the UN Convention on The Right of the child (1989), which supports the right for children to grow up in a farmiliar surrounding which i s characterised by equality and free from any form of discrimination due to colour, race, sex, language, relation etc (Article Two (www.unicef.org/crc/). In my own setting this is not only done to ensure that all children are treated equally but also with the use of our Media Initiative programme. This programme was developed to provide children with the opportunity to explore similarities and differences and developing the child in an appropriate way, using age appropriate resources. This has found to be of benefit to children who timeless existence themselves as different and helps them to feel included in the setting.Over the years there has been considerable work done in relation to Childrens health and wellbeing policy documents. UNICEF was one of the largest pieces of legislation from which a number a policies was drawn from. When looking at the policies throughout the UK it can be seen that while different countries have their own policy, there main objectives being the best services for the health and wellbeing of our children can be found in them all. A lot of changes have come about due to major cases of poor services which have result to child death some high profile media cases throughout the mediafor example. Baby P, Victoria Climbe and most recently Tiffany Wright. As work continues in improving the local services to children the health and welfare of the children remains upmostimportance and with this high priority we will hopefully see an increase in more agencies working together to improving services.In conclusion to the question on looking at what contribution that school can be seen how all agencies have an important role. Legislation over the years has changed giving children the right to an opinionon their health and wellbeing.One cite from the UNICEF Report visiting card 7 to me evaluates children health and wellbeing and is very key that the nation is key to the support children are provided with. Health and safety is a majoy aspect in UNICEFs ideas and their material security and educational needs is focused on aswell as socialisation. UNICEF have strong beliefs on the sdense of being loved and being valved from society and people around them and included in the families and society in which they are brought up in. Collins Foley 2008)As practitioner we have a duty of care in the wellbeing of children by working for the child in partnership with their parents and other available agencies to ensure that the child is given the best start to life allowing them to continue in to adulthood. All children no matter of their background or abilities should be given the same opportunities and say to their rights. The time it takes or the funding needed shouldnt determent the quality of services for a child health and well-being to be met.BibliographyEveryday Costs of Poverty in Childhood A Review of Qualitative Research Exploring the Lives and Experiences of Low-Income Children in the UKTess Ridge Department of Social a nd Policy Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UKChild poverty in perspective An overview of child well-being in rich countries The United Nations Childrens Fund, 2007UNICEF, Child poverty in perspectiveAn overview of child well-being in rich countries,Innocenti Report Card 7, 2007UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre, Florenceen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Kellerwww.unicef.org/crc/)

Social Networking Relationships

Social Networking RelationshipsSocial Networking Relation1.0 IntroductionSocial networking is sincerely recommendation amongst people about the things that they atomic number 18 interested in and they like this has stimulated peoples attention in terms of the wideness of commonplace copulation. The people who atomic number 18 going on these sites didnt want to be monetised, they didnt want to be advertised to, so again editorial communication is so powerful, they would rather be communities that john ex budge views that argon untarnished. Sir Martin SorrellSocial media is a global phenomenon in which overaged demographics no longer apply. Conversations happen at the click of a button. New communities atomic number 18 born every day and cross offs need to be involved in the first instance to listen, and then to offendicipate. Social media is booming.Every day untried statistics, clean papers and articles appear discussing its continued growth. Independent market analys t Datamonitor (2008) has revealed how quickly the number of people participating in online amicable networking is growing the United farming currently leads Europe, in terms of membership, and is expected to reach 27 million make use ofrs a threefold increase on todays figures by 2012 (www.datamonitor.com).Social networking sites atomic number 18 the verity television of the Internet, said Jon Gibs (Senior Director of Media, Nielsen//NetRatings). The content is relatively inexpensive for publishers to produce, and social networking is non a fad that will disappear. If anything, it will become more than inbred in mainstream sites, just as reality TV programming has become ubiquitous in network programming, Gibs continued (www.acnielsen.com). However, again like reality programming, the supposition of reality alone, or in this case social networking, is non enough. In this competitive marketplace, sites also piss to provide consumers with distinct content they advise d istinguish with.A new survey reveals that almost 50 part of attorneys are members of online social networks and over 40 percent of attorneys believe professional networking has the potential to change the business and practice of law over the coterminous five years. Online professional networking is a growing area of importance in the sound industry, said Ralph Calistri, political boss Executive Officer of Martindale Hubbell and senior vice president of Global Client Development at LexisNexis. As we develop a global network for the legal community through Martindale-Hubbell, objective investigate such(prenominal) as this survey by Leader Networks serves as an important way for us to listen to clients and show our efforts.Table United States Top 10 Social Networking Sites (March 2008)Source AC NielsenThe Internet has broadened the area of word of mouth influences from inter individualized communication among acquaintances to online communication to popular public (e.g. posting piece of assvasss). Harrison-Walker (2001) defined word of mouth as informal person-to-person communication between a perceived non-commercial communicator and a receiver regarding a brand, a result, an institution, or a service. Marketing practitioners try to encourage such informal communication in a positive manner, and several approaches such as viral marketing (Wilson 2000) and buzz marketing (Rosen 2000) have been developed.Facebook was created in February 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg, a student at Harvard University. gibe to Zuckerberg, The idea for the website was motivated by a social need at Harvard to be able to identify people in other residential houses (Moyle, 2004). Today Facebook has more than 7.5 million registered members at over 2,000 U.S. colleges and is the seventh-most-popular site on the entire Web with respect to keep down page views (Cassidy, 2006).Social networking sites are online spaces that allow individuals to present themselves, articulate their soci al networks, and make or maintain connections with others. These sites can be oriented towards work-related contexts (e.g. LinkedIn.com), romantic relationship initiation, or connecting those with share interests such as music or politics (e.g. MySpace.com). Users may use the sites communication tools to interact with those they know from offline contexts, such as school, or they may use the sites to meet new people.The way in which these sites allow for new connections to be made between individuals has resulted in proposed legislation which would bar libraries and schools to block minors access to social networking sites such as MySpace and Facebook (McCullagh, 2006). MySpace in particular has generated public concern due to its large member base 78 million registered accounts according to one source (Wright, 2006) many of whom are teenagers.There is little academician work examining online social networks. A 2005 survey of academic community members found that 90% of the u ndergraduates participated in a social network community, primarily Facebook, MySpace, and Friendster, and that many of them discover personal teaching such as email address (Stutzman, 2006). In her ethnographic work examining self-presentation and social connections among Friendster users, boyd (2004) nones that users have a variety of motivations for using the site, including connecting with old friends, meeting new acquaintances, dating, and furthering professional networks.In one of the few pieces to examine this new breed of online fora, Donath and boyd (2004) point out that one of the chief hallmarks of these sites is that links between individuals are common, public, unnuanced and decontextualized. In the sites that Donath and boyd examine, public displays of connections serve to warrant, or signal the reliability of, ones identity claims. Social networking sites are distinguished from the first pother of virtual community sites in that they allow for both maintenance of existing social ties and formation of new connections.A hallmark of the former(a)ish research on computer-mediated communication and virtual communities in particular is the assumption that individuals using these systems would be connecting with those outside their pre-existing social group or location, liberating individuals to form communities around shared interests, as opposed to shared geography (Wellman et al., 1996).However, any(prenominal) online community researchers have explored how online communities present opportunities for people in a common offline community to extend their interaction. such a theme is articulated by Wellman et al. (1996), who note that Although CSSNs computer supported social networks do transcend time and space, not all ties are both altogether on-line or off-line. Much on-line contact is between people who collect each other in person and live locally (p.222).1.1 look for school principalThis research studies the importance of social net working sites and aims to identify how motivations for using social networking sites influence the stratum of interaction and the generation of word-of-mouth. Next, in parliamentary law to field of battle use patterns of social networking sites between users in United Kingdom and to explore the relationship between the dot of interaction and the generation of word-of-mouth, the undermentioned questions are generated.Why / how ofttimes do people use social networking sites?Are social networking sites users generating word-of-mouth? If so, what makes users generate word-of-mouth?Do the motivations of using social networking sites influence on the degree of interaction or on the generation of word-of-mouth?H1 Exploring the relationship between the heading of using social networking sites and the degree of users interactionH2 Exploring the relationship between the purpose of using social networking sites and the generation of word-of-mouthH3 Exploring the relationship between t he degree of users interaction and the generation of word-of-mouth in social networking sitesMain Research Question How effective are motivations for using social networking sites influencing degree of interaction and word of mouth in United Kingdom?At the same time, the growing importance of word-of-mouth on social networking sites is understood and discussed by both marketing practitioners and academics, and online word-of-mouth communication is considered as a new marketing tool (Kozinets, 1999 Croteau, 2006 Peattie, 2007 McKinsey Quarterly, 2007). collectible to the similar characteristics between social networking sites and word-of-mouth communication, namely, relationship and interaction among people, a number of researchers tried to find out the connection between online communities and word-of-mouth, then, came up with heterogeneous ways to measure word-of-mouth in the virtual world (Kozinets, 2002 Godes et al, 2005 Dwyer, 2007).In addition, after their introduction, social networking sites brought in a new organisational framework for online communities. According to Boyd and Ellison (2008), primaeval online communities were constructed as communities of interest, but social networking sites these days are constructed as personal. In other words, social networking sites are centred around people rather than topics or topical hierarchies.2.0 Literature Review2.1 General OverviewThe study of personal influence and the idea that there are accepted people who are especially powerful over others has fascinated researchers, practitioners, and the general public for more than 60 years. Variously named in academic and popular circles, these people have been called opinion leaders (Katz Lazarsfeld, 1955), early adopters (Rogers, 1962/2003), influential (Weimann, 1994), and Influential Americans (Keller Berry, 2003), while the transition of personal influence has been linked to, or synonymous with, various phenomena such as accord gaining (strategic att empts to seek compliance from others in interpersonal settings Wilson, 2002), the diffusion of innovations (how ideas spread in a culture Rogers, 1962/2003), buzz (contagious word-of-mouth commentary about products, services, brands, and ideas Walker, 2004), and tipping points (the point at which an idea, behavior, or product tips, crossing a threshold from being a minor phenomenon to a wild epidemic Gladwell, 2000).Numerous organizations, for-profit and not-for-profit, in an assortment of industries (consumer products, fashion, health care, law, higher education, etc.) have sought to swellize on a renewed awareness and interest in the influential role that informal conversation and relational networks play internally to an organization (e.g., in terms of sharing knowledge within and across organizational units Cross Parker, 2004 May Zorn, 2002) and especially to external audiences (e.g., in the case of viral and buzz marketing).Thus, although the power of stimulating word-of-mou th and relational networks has been known for few time (Arndt, 1967 Whyte, 1954), a more recent phenomenon is when certain firms seek to consciously channelize buzz in relational networks (Balter Butman, 2005 Dye, 2000 Godin, 2001 Ozcan, 2004 Rosen, 2000Walker, 2004).For example, some firms (such as Big Fat Inc.) pay people to go out and disgorge up a brand, either in face-toface or online settings, where the fact that they are employed by a marketing agency is not disclosed (a form of undercover marketing). Other firms (such as BzzAgent, Inc.) actively recruit volunteers who willingly participate in a campaign by going out and buzzing the product or service (oftentimes in substitute for points that can be redeemed for prizes or the knowledge that they are the first among their peers to have access to a new product) and then report vertebral column to the buzz marketing company their own and others feedback about the product (the company then compiles and analyzes these variou s reports from the field and presents them to the client). Still others (e.g., Proctor Gambles affright program) form an extensive network of carefully selected teenagers to create buzz among peers for their clients brands and products (Wells, 2004).These distinct kinds of organizational marketing practices have raised a number of ethical concerns, some more than others. In addition to whether or not the institutional identity of the agent is disclosed, whether or not the person buzzing the brand is doing so for some form of compensation, and whether or not agents involve minors younger than age 13 (Wells, 2004), a significant concern is that through buzz marketing marketers are better able to infiltrate everyday conversations and relationships (Walker, 2004), which might be regarded as further instantiation of bodied colonization of the lifeworld (Deetz, 1992).With traditionalistic forms of marketing and advertising efforts, consumer audiences can set out or turn off the adver tising. However, what happens when the marketing is your friend or family member, in online and offline conversations? Is society increasingly falling prey to the commercialization of chit-chat?(Walker, 2004). Although these concerns are not new for example, marketing to known others has been well-documented and critiqued in terms of Tupperware parties (Frenzen Davis, 1990 Taylor, 1978) and multilevel marketing companies (Biggart, 1989 Carl, 2004 Fitzpatrick Reynolds, 1997)the fact that increasing numbers of well-known, mainstream organizations seek to amplify buzz in social networks has elevated the concern (Vranica, 2005).2.2 Word of mouthWord-of-mouth has grown in popularity over the past several years as a marketing and research medium (BzzAgent, 2005). Marketers seeking to find new methods for reaching customers and communicating with them have wondered if word-of-mouth could provide a potential solution to the dwindling return of traditional marketing platforms. Since the be ginning of organized marketing programs, marketers viewed word-of-mouth as an incredibly valuable, yet uncontrollable, result of effective marketing practices.Many marketers have implemented plans to pull in word of mouth into occurring, seeding the marketplace with shills (paid actors talking up products and services). They found the results effective but extremely risky, since consumers didnt like being deceived. In recent years, a number of companies have formed, seeking to harness the power of authentic word of mouth (BzzAgent, 2005). By organizing real consumers, they train them to share their honest opinions more effectively. specify word of mouth can be tricky, especially in light of the Internet and recent emergence of buzz marketing firms. According to Buttles (1998) review of marketing research, Arndt (1967) discussed word of mouth as face-to-face communication about a brand, product, or service between people who are perceived as not having connections to a commercial en tity. Bones (1992) definition is similar though she noted that word of mouth could be a group phenomenonAn exchange of comments, thoughts, and ideas among two or more individuals in which none of the individuals represent a marketing source (p. 579).Stern (1994) distinguished word of mouth from advertising in that word of mouth is face-to-face, interactive, ephemeral, spontaneous, and does not include such features as clever turns of phrases or jingles. Buttle (1998), however, found these definitions unsatisfactory because (a) Word of mouth can include talk about an organization (in addition to a brand, product, or service), (b) it can be electronically mediated (such as cell phone, chat rooms, e-mail, Web sites, tell-a-friend hyperlinks, etc.), and (c) more and more companies may offer incentives or rewards for consumers to spread word of mouth or make referrals (e.g., to refer friends and family members for a companys services). Buttle concluded that currently the hardly distingu ishing feature of word of mouth may be that word of mouth is uttered by sources that are assumed by receivers to be independent of corporate influence (p. 243).In contrast to traditional word of mouth marketing research, research on buzz marketing is still in its infancy. Verlegh, Verkerk, Tuk, and Smidts (2004) mentioned, but did not study, buzz marketers in their experimental research on whether or not financial incentives used when stimulating customer referrals alter the meaning of the situation such that consumers would perceive the word of mouth episode to be persuasive rather than just friendly, peer advice.Thomas (2004) represented an early conceptual piece on buzz marketing where it was defined as the amplification of initial marketing efforts by third parties through their passive or active influence (p. 64). An early empirical study that applied insights from existing word of mouth and social network research from a firms perspective was conducted by Godes and Mayzlin (20 04). overabundant research demonstrates that word of mouth (WOM) is one of the most influential channels of communication in the marketplace. The reasons for WOMs power are evident word of mouth is seen as more credible than marketer initiated communications because it is perceived as having passed through the unbiased filter of people like me. At a time of declining desire in institutions, research shows that its influence is growing stronger. In a recent national survey (Harris Interactive, 2006a), U.S. consumers were asked which information sources they find useful when deciding which products to buy in four common product categories.WOM and recommendations from friends/family/people at work/school were by far the most influential sources for fast food, cold medicine, and breakfast cereal. For personal computers, a highly technical category, we saw a strong reliance on expert advice in the form of product reviews and websites, followed by WOM as the next most useful. The consume r marketplace in which any enterprise operates is a complex, dynamic system.A study found that disinterested, ill-prepared and unwelcoming gross revenuepeople lead to more lost business and fallacious word-of-mouth than any other management challenge in selling. There are a variety of different triggers for having a bad shopping experience, including things like parking or how well the store is organized. Some of those things sellers can do something about and some of them they cant. But frankly, a very important part of the retail experience is the interaction with the sales associate, says Wharton marketing professor Stephen J. Hoch, director of the Baker Initiative.In a telephone survey of 1,000 shoppers who were asked about their most recent retail experience, 33% reported they had been unable to find a salesperson to help them. Many of these shoppers were so annoyed by this one problem that they said they would not return to the store. According to the Wharton analysis, sale s associates who are missing in action cost American retailers six percent of their customers. Add to that the 25% of consumers reporting they were ignored outright by sales associates no greeting, no smile, not even eye contact (Arndt, 1967 Aaker et al, 1996 Reingen and Kernan, 1986).This lack of engagement turned off three percent of customers to the point where they said they would permanently stay way from the store in which they encountered this deportment. Hoch remains puzzled by sales associates who retreat from potential customers. You would think that if these sales associates are spending the whole day interacting with people, they would be a lot happier in their own life if they were friendly. Instead, they pull into their shell (Brown and Reingen, 1987).Whats wrong with saying, Hi, how are you doing? According to Paula Courtney, president of the Verde Group, survey respondents were not frustrated by sales associates who seemed overworked or outmanned by shoppers. Its t he conscious ignoring that irritates them, she says. Customers would walk into a store and the store representative would see them and continue to put items on the shelf or watch the cash register or do administrative work absolutely ignoring the fact that an tangible person was in the store (Cox, 1963, cited in Brown at el, 2007).In the above example, the degree of interaction was bad with consumers at a particular retail outlet. This provided bad word of mouth and hampered long term sustainability for the retailer. In other words, this forms the central part of the dissertation that degree of interaction and word of mouth are slightly interrelated.2.3 Motives of Social networkingBritish anthropologist Robin Dunbar estimates that humans can lonesome(prenominal) maintain stable relationships with around cl people. That number refers to significant relationships like those in a family or tribe and other purposeful groups. Yet in todays over-informed digital business world, where b loated data moves at the speed of thought, its not who you know that really counts, but who knows you (Kozinets, 1999 Boyd and Ellison, 2008).Professional online social networking tools are invaluable in creating personal brand equity and raising awareness about who you are, especially beyond your 150 closest friends (BBC News, 2005). Online social networking software enables you to find quality people who may not be familiar with you, or with your organization, and creates an opportunity to connect with them and sell them on your opportunities (Boyd and Ellison, 2008). They may be unfamiliar with your company or business, or may not have even been looking for something.Because you already know someone who knows them, you can feel more comfortable that they are a quality prospect or at least can do some checking around (Boyd and Ellison, 2008). Also, because of that mutual connection, you can more soft overcome cumbersome barriers and begin a relationship with a little more trust an d warmth than with a total stranger. Like Six degrees of Kevin Bacon, social networking sheds light on the contacts you never knew you had. For example, you can contact people in your network toRekindle old connectionsMaximize abide by in your weak connectionsBuild business relationships with clients or hiring managersFind and meet prospective job-seekersGrow a referral networkHeighten your corporate and personal brandMake new connections and grow your sphere of influenceOpen doors to future career opportunities, increased pay, or promotionsIncrease visibility, which improves influence and effectiveness internally with your organization as well as externallySocial networking also helps you find new leads for networking into companies toEducate yourself and ask questions about other organizationsConduct competitive word on companies, industries, or individualsMake fewer cold calls and better prepare for themLeverage contacts you already haveWith the help of existing literature, Rid ings and Gefen (2004) categorised four reasons to gather online communities information exchange, social support exchange, friendship, and recreation. Firstly, people choose to use online communities to access and exchange information. By using online communities, people can access a huge amount of information generated by other users since online community providers offer effective systems or technologies in order to make their users easily exchange, create, request and search information (Hagel and Armstrong, 1997).The second reason why users participate in online communities is to obtain the social support. Wellman et al (1996) suggested that online communities give emotional support and sociableness to their users by giving a sense of belonging. For instance, Mickelson (1997) gave examples of online communities which focus on recovering social problems such as alcohol and drug addicts in order to explain why the social support can be the motivation of using online communities. Thirdly, people join online communities to manage relationships. To seek friendship or to generate social capital, which can be defined as the resources gathered through the relationships among people (Coleman, 1988), online community users interact with other users with the aim of establishing and continuing relationships. For example, offline social capital can be generated by means of online tools, especially using social networking sites when people want to expand or keep up their offline relationships. Lastly, recreation is another(prenominal) reason why people experience online communities.In conclusion, how word-of-mouth affects consumer behaviour can be described by those three factors tie strength, homophily, and source credibility. As mentioned above, Brown et al (2007) and other researchers (Silverman, 1997 Money et al, 1998 Bansal and Voyer, 2000) explored the nature of word-of-mouth in online communities. Finally, the summary of the research above is compared by Brown e t al (2007) as the following Table 1.Table 1 A Comparison between offline and online social network constructsOfflineOnlineTie StrengthDefinitionThe intensity of a social relation between pairs of individualsThe intensity of an interactive and personalised relationship between an individual and a websiteHomophilyDefinitionThe degree to which pairs of individuals are similar in terms of certain attributesThe congruence between a users psychological attributes and website contentSource CredibilityDefinitionPerceived competence of the individual source providing informationPerceived competence of the website and its membershipSource Brown et al, 2007, pp. 10 Table 1Bottom line It could be seen that different earnings users have different motives to enter social networking sites. Fulfilment of motives can enhance positive word of mouth and higher degree of interaction of a particular website. As per forward academic literature there have been negligible cases that internet users have entered social networking with out motivations. This forms the foundation of dissertation.3.0 Research Model3.1 Research approachThe research strategy we intend to adopt is a combination of multi-methods, of deductive, inductive and exploratory. Quantitative data will be collected throughout the life cycle of the project, from subaltern sources journals, databases, past dissertations, newspapers and magazine articles etc. We propose to use the following secondary databases to conduct quantitative data researchEmerald Full textEmerald ReviewsEmerald AbstractsSwet WiseReuters ancestry InsightRegional Business NewsQuestia MediaPrimary research will be conducted, using a closed questionnaire designed to predict average behaviour of children in general (Saunders et al. 2003). The inductive approach takes to account interpretivism or social considerations, which enables to establish the intentions of the respondents more clearly.Saunders et al (2003) says that data collected using open -ended questions allows individuals more flexibility in answering, which may confirm a hypothesis or other wise. The limitation or disadvantage of this approach is that it is subjective and can only if be applied to a limited sample of participants (Saunders et el. 2003).Exploratory research will be conducted on a pilot group consisting of young internet users (mainly with Orkut profiles) within the age group 15-20 who will participate in a discussion on the following the influence of motivations for using social networking sites on degree of interaction and word of mouth in United Kingdom.3.2 Research DesignA research design is a program that guides the investigator in the process of collecting, analyzing and interpreting observations. According to Nachmias Nachmias (1987) it is logical model of proof that allows the researcher to draw inferences concerning causal relationships among the variables under investigation. Consequently, the appropriate research design will depend on t he problem to be investigated (Churchill, 1991), the purpose of the research, the research questions, and the state of the knowledge existing prior to the research plan (Eisenhardt, 1989).Research methods and data collection, form an elementary part of the research design. Typically, the research methods and the data collection techniques are functions of the purpose of the research design. The purpose of the research may be organized into three groups based on what the researcher is trying to accomplish explore a new topic, describe social phenomena or explain why something occurs.The three basic types of research designs are Exploratory (Case Studies), Descriptive and Casual.3.2.1 Case StudyThe case study approach is the most widely used in management fraternity. A Case study is the collection and presentation of detailed information about a particular participant or small group, frequently including the accounts of subjects themselves. Its a form of soft descriptive research and it deals intensely at an individual or small participant pool, drawing conclusions only about that participant or group and only in that specific context.This research design is not used to focus on topics such as discovery of a universal, general

Essay Contrasting Mending Wall with Other Poems in Frosts North of Boston :: comparison compare contrast essays

Contrasting Mending W completely with Other Poems in Frosts North of Boston Mending W solely is the opening numbers of Frosts North of Boston. One of the dominating moods of this volume, forcefully established in such important poems as The Death of the Hired Man, Home Burial, The Black Cottage, and A consideration to Servants, and carried through some of the minor pieces, flows from the tension of having to maintain balance at the precipitous edge of hysteria. With The Mountain and with A Hundred Collars, Mending Wall stands fence to such visions of hu domain existence more precisely put, to existences that are fashioned by the neurotic visions of central characters like the wife in Home Burial, the handmaid in A Servant to Servants. Mending Wall dramatizes the redemptive imagination in its playful phase, guided surely and confidently by a man who has his world under full control, who in his serenity is riding his realities, not being shocked by them into traumatic response. T he place of Mending Wall in the structure of North of Boston suggests, in its sharp contrasts to the dark tones of some of the major poems in the volume, the psychological necessities of sustaining supreme fictions. The opening lines evoke the coy passenger car of the shrewd imaginative man who understands the words of the farmer in The Mountain All the funs in how you say a thing, Something there is that doesnt love a wall, That sends a frozen-ground-swell under it And spills the upper boulders in the sun, And makes gaps even two can pass abreast. It does not take more than one reading of the poem to understand that the verbalizer is not a country primitive who is easily spooked by the normal processes of nature. He knows very well what it is that doesnt love a wall (frost, of course). His fun lies in not naming it. And in not naming the scientific truth he is able to manipulate intransigent fact into the world of the mind where all things are pliable. The artful vagueness of th e phrase Something there is is enchanting and magical, suggesting even the bushed tones of reverence before mystery in nature. And the speaker (who is not at all reverent toward nature) consciously works at deepening that sense of mystery The work of hunters is another thing I have come after them and make repair

The Vikings Essay examples -- History Historical Research Papers

The VikingsTypically, the image of a Viking is a barbaric, bearded man plundering and destroying a beside village. This is actually the stereotypical viewpoint. In actuality, Vikings, have a very different image. For example, Vikings did not wear furry boots or furry armor, they did not have thrust helmets, they invaded Britain, and they also were the first to discover America They were also experts in nautical technology, crafts, trading, warfare and many other skills (Jonsson 1). With all of these traits, the Vikings seem comparable an unstoppable jam in the European continent. But, who were the Vikings? The Vikings were actually venturesome seafarers. This means that they were travelers who were constantly exploring and looking for new areas of land. There roots can be traced all the way moxie to 6000 B.C. were nomadic men traveled in primitive crafts up the Denmark coast. Fast forward two millennia and these nomadic people have established permanent homes, exactly still usi ng the boat for food and travel. As stated before, they were not just raiders, although they did do this frequently, but they were actually expert traders, trading all round the world. It wasnt until around 793 A.D. that a Viking explosion took place in northern Europe (Jonsson 2). Raids began to take place on neighboring villages and their places of worship. To some this is the only graphic symbol of knowledge they have about Vikings. However, their civilization was something to be admired. Trading, religion, and usual life are all important parts of a Viking culture.Trading was a comminuted part to the culture life of a Viking. This task brought in many important goods that the Vikings needed to live an ordinary life. The Vikings were the international tradesmen of their time. In Constantinople (Istanbul) they traded silk and spices for slaves that they had brought from Russia. They Amber they set in motion in the Baltic area and they brought furs, skins, and walrus tusk ivo ry to the trading towns in Western Europe from the northern parts of the world such as Greenland. The Vikings founded trading cities in Scandinavia such as Birka, Ribe, Hedeby and Skiringsal. In Ireland they founded terrific trade in Dublin and, in England, they made the city of York flourish to become the most(prenominal) important trading town outside of London (La Fay 149-150). At a time when old trade routes between east and west thro... ...of goods with the Vikings. In everyday life, every one of us is in search of the right food, the best and warmest clothing, and the perfect place to live. Religion is still important to the American people, just like it was to the Vikings way back then. And even today, the American people exchange goods through the use of trading. However, in the present, we use plenty of money to get the supplies we need to survive. The Vikings culture can be seen as a way of survival. If they didnt work hard enough to get the items they needed to survive, they would die off. So, the Vikings were more than a mickle of wild men running around northern England destroying cities and killing people. They strived to lead a healthy life to the fullest extent possible during their time. Many people in northern England who are descendants of the Vikings are proud to be a progeny of such a dominant and prestigious culture.BIBILIOGRAPHYWorks CitedLa Fay, Howard. The Vikings Washington, D.C., internal GeographicSociety, 1972Jensen, Ole Klindt. The World of the Vikings London, England. BerneConvention, 1967Wernick, Robert. The Vikings Morristown, New Jersey. Time-Life BooksInc. 1979

The Strategies The Meiji Government Used to Achieve Economic Developmen

The Strategies The Meiji Government Used to Achieve Economic Development?The Meiji government during the 1880s created some(prenominal) an institutionaland constitution structure that allowed Japan in the coming decades to be astabile and industrializing country. Two major policies and strategies thatreinforced stability and frugal modernisation in Japan were the creation of anational globe education system and the ratification of the Meiji constitution.Both these aided in stability and thus economic growth.The creation of a national education system aided in creating stabilitybecause it indoctrinated youth in the ideas of loyalty, patriotism, andobedience. Japans education system at first hard put free thought and the ideasof individuals exploration of knowledge but by 1890 the education system ofJapan became a tool for indoctrination into what Peter Duus calls "a kind of well-behaved religion" with the Imperial Rescript on Education. This Rescript stressedtwo things. F irst, it stressed loyalty to the emperor and to a lesser extant tothe state. In each classroom a picture of the emperor was placed. Second, theeducation system stressed self sacrifice to the state and family. Filial pietywas taught in schools and applied non only to the family but also to thenational family which included father, teacher, official and employer. TheJapanese education system also created a system of technical schools anduniversities both public and private that educated a grow...

College Admissions Essay: Deafness Will Not Hold Me Back :: College Admissions Essays

Deafness Will Not Hold Me derriere   A challenge is energy more than an obstacle that lies in ones path. I wipe out had my fair share of such obstacles The main one has been my deafness. Many hoi polloi consider deafness a disabilitya handicap that leads to problems or failure. I am proof that this stereotype is false. I was raised with the awareness that a person in my position can every be a deaf person or a person who happens to go for a problem hearing. I chose to be the latter.   An example of the ways in which this decision shaped my life was the way I dealt with the junior and senior high school orthogonal language fate I have no(prenominal) since Im deaf, I am exempt from taking a foreign language. However, I never considered taking advantage of this exemption. I moody a deaf ear to my friends who verbalise that I was crazy to take a course that I didnt need or my parents warning that it might be passing difficult. Taking a foreign language was something that I wanted to do (not merely to prove to others that I could do it) because knowing another language seemed so interesting. Why should I have to go through life with only one language when everyone around me was learning new languages? So I began study Spanish in ordinal grade. Trying to articulate sounds that I could not hear was incredibly frustrating, as was the realization that my grades in Spanish were much tear down than my grades in my other subjects, including my AP courses. both semester, instead of my average being high enough for High sinlessness Roll, I was only able to make Honor Roll. Still, I was determined to fall out and I did. I can speak, read, and write Spanish. I am proud of my decision to persevere despite the knowledge that my diligence would lower my academic average. standardized so many experiences in my life, a challenge that I could have avoided became a test of my determination.       Also, I enjoy challenges that have helped m e develop as a human being. For example, chairing committees in Model Congress provided me with opportunities to work with students of different ages, ethnicities, and socioeconomic backgrounds. Similarly, my volunteer activitiesworking on Thanksgiving Food Drives for the homeless, the move Food Drives, and Hurricane Relief effortsenabled me to reform my ability to collaborate with a variety of people.College Admissions Essay Deafness Will Not Hold Me Back College Admissions Essays Deafness Will Not Hold Me Back   A challenge is nothing more than an obstacle that lies in ones path. I have had my fair share of such obstacles The main one has been my deafness. Many people consider deafness a disabilitya handicap that leads to problems or failure. I am proof that this stereotype is false. I was raised with the awareness that a person in my position can either be a deaf person or a person who happens to have a problem hearing. I chose to be the latter.   An example of the ways in which this decision shaped my life was the way I dealt with the junior and senior high school foreign language requirement I have none since Im deaf, I am exempt from taking a foreign language. However, I never considered taking advantage of this exemption. I turned a deaf ear to my friends who said that I was crazy to take a course that I didnt need or my parents warning that it might be extremely difficult. Taking a foreign language was something that I wanted to do (not merely to prove to others that I could do it) because knowing another language seemed so interesting. Why should I have to go through life with only one language when everyone around me was learning new languages? So I began studying Spanish in seventh grade. Trying to articulate sounds that I could not hear was incredibly frustrating, as was the realization that my grades in Spanish were much lower than my grades in my other subjects, including my AP courses. Every semester, instead of my average being hi gh enough for High Honor Roll, I was only able to make Honor Roll. Still, I was determined to succeed and I did. I can speak, read, and write Spanish. I am proud of my decision to persevere despite the knowledge that my perseverance would lower my academic average. Like so many experiences in my life, a challenge that I could have avoided became a test of my determination.       Also, I enjoy challenges that have helped me develop as a human being. For example, chairing committees in Model Congress provided me with opportunities to work with students of different ages, ethnicities, and socioeconomic backgrounds. Similarly, my volunteer activitiesworking on Thanksgiving Food Drives for the homeless, the Interact Food Drives, and Hurricane Relief effortsenabled me to improve my ability to collaborate with a variety of people.

School Violence Essay -- School Violence Essays

On April 20, 1999 Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold opened fire on Columbine Highschool killing 12 fellow classmates and one teacher. School military force changes our youths morals. From bullying to peer pressure, youth are exposed to school violence everyday. What is school violence? School violence varies from accounts of death, homicide, suicide, weapon related violence, in the US. (c1) School violence can occur to and from school, while attending a school sponsored event, on a bus, or at an activity.Violence in school goes back to the 1800s. The first publicly funded schools for delinquents was built in Massachussettes during 1847. In 1899 Illinois established the first statewide court for children. During the 1900s progressive program line movements challenge, emphasized on strict discipline in public schools. (b19) In the 1940s teachers still supported the use of progressive education, but there was an katzenjammer in juvenile delinquency after World War Two. The 1 960s courts expanded the use of human rights and process defendions to students. School began to hire security, and monitoring devices, to protect schools from vandalism, and burglary. The 1990s sparked congress to create a gun-free school zone(b18), by making it illegal to bring guns within 1,000 feet of any school. In 1995 violence for juveniles reached the concealment at a rapid growth, then declined. Violence has become the growing problem in the United States today. School violence is the se...